Burgundy
The flag of Burgundy (Bourgogne) bears the ancient arms of the Duchy of Burgundy: a blue shield strewn with small golden fleurs-de-lis, overlaid by a diagonal white-and-red striped bend (bendy of six argent and gules). This sophisticated heraldic composition dates to the Capetian dukes of the 14th century. The blue field with gold fleurs-de-lis signifies Burgundy's connection to the French royal house, while the distinctive red-and-white diagonal bend differentiates it. The Duchy of Burgundy was one of medieval Europe's most powerful states, at its zenith controlling territory from the Low Countries to Switzerland under the Valois dukes.
At its peak in the 15th century, the Duchy of Burgundy was so wealthy and powerful that it nearly became a kingdom — Duke Charles the Bold's death in 1477 was the only thing that prevented it.
Adopted: 1363
